Shale

Classification：Sedimentary Rock

A layered rock consisting of clay minerals. Shale and similar argillaceous rocks account for more than half of sedimentary rocks. It belongs to the source rock.

Shale is a kind of sedimentary rock with complex composition, but it has thin page or lamellar joints. It is mainly formed by clay deposited by pressure and temperature, but it is mixed with quartz, feldspar fragments and other chemical substances. Shale (Shale), which is hardened by clay material, is easily broken up, and it is easy to split into distinct strata. A kind of clay rock. The composition is complex. Besides clay minerals, there are also many detrital minerals and authigenic minerals. A page or sheet of bedding. It is easily split into fragments with hard hit. It is formed by compaction, dehydration and recrystallization of clay materials. Shale is weak in weathering resistance. It often causes erosion and low mountains and valleys on the terrain. Shale is impervious to water and often becomes an aquifer in the distribution of groundwater.

Characteristic：
The tiny particles hardened by clay materials are easy to crack, and are easy to split into distinct strata. A kind of clay rock. In addition to clay minerals (such as kaolinite, montmorillonite, water mica, baleite, etc.), it also contains a lot of debris minerals (such as quartz, feldspar, mica, etc.) and autogenic minerals (such as iron, aluminum, manganese oxides and hydroxides). A page or sheet of bedding. It is easily split into fragments with hard hit. It is formed by compaction, dehydration and recrystallization of clay materials. The clay rock with thin sheet structure is called Shale, which is formed by fine clay and mud after compaction, consolidation, dehydration and recrystallization. (foliation is made of flaky clay minerals in parallel during compression). Shale is dense, with low hardness and glossy surface. Grayish black and black.
A brown red, reddish brown color such as iron, and yellow, green and other colors. Shale has weak weathering resistance and often has low mountains and low valleys on topography. Shale is impervious to water and often becomes impervious or aquifers.
physical property
The hardness of Shale is generally 1.5~3, and its structure is relatively dense. Its coefficient of hardness can reach 4~5, and the hardness of some hard Shale is higher. The particle composition of Shale is related to its natural particle size and diagenetic reason. The fluctuation of particle composition varies greatly, which affects other properties of Shale. According to the different deposition conditions, the plasticity index of Shale is 5~23, and the plasticity index of some Shale even exceeds that range. Therefore, some Shale can not be used as raw material for fired brick. The drying sensitivity of Shale raw materials is varied. It is usually measured by the drying sensitivity coefficient, which is generally between 0.4-1.6, and for some very high plastic Shale, its drying sensitivity coefficient may be higher. The shrinkage rate of Shale drying line varies greatly according to its species, and its variation range is 2.5%-10%.
Chemical properties
The chemical composition of different Shale is also different. The content of Shale in natural world varies greatly. In the general Sui state, the Si02 of Shale fluctuates between 45%~80%, A12O3 quantity fluctuates between 12%-25%, Fe2O3 content fluctuates between 2%-10%, CaO content fluctuates between 0.2%-12% and MGO content fluctuates between 0.1%-5%.

Shale product characteristics and production process
The Shale project is mainly used to produce building ceramsite. The product is 300-500 grade (i.e., the bulk density is 300 kg / m3 - 500 kg / cubic meter) of ultra light insulating ceramsite. Among them, 300-400 levels account for more than 80%. According to the particle size, it can be divided into large grains (20mm or above), medium grain (10mm 20mm), small grains (5mm 10mm) and pottery sand (0.5mm 5mm). The product quality is up to the national standard, and it is a high quality lightweight skeleton material for producing light weight thermal insulation building materials.
Argillaceous Shale
Argillaceous Shale Atlas
Using Shale ceramsite as a lightweight aggregate, mixed with industrial waste residue such as pottery, slag or coal ash, and cement as a cementitious material, the product has the characteristics of light, heat preservation, energy saving and so on. The product can be used as building wall material, so that building energy efficiency can be realized. According to the test, ceramsite block wall thickness 40cm heat transfer coefficient is equivalent to 1.48m thickness clay solid brick wall, energy-saving and thermal insulation effect is very significant.
The main products of ceramsite
1, non load bearing porous insulation block (lightweight aggregate concrete small hollow block). According to the design requirements, it can be used as a filling wall material for frame structure design, and is suitable for high-rise buildings.
2, secondary light concrete load-bearing porous insulation block. According to the design requirements of the building enterprise, it can be used as the wall material for non frame structure design. Besides the properties of thermal insulation and energy saving, the product also has the characteristics of high strength and load-bearing capacity. It is suitable for multi-storey buildings (below 8 layers).
3. Porous interior wallboard. The product specifications are: width 30cm, 60cm, thickness 6cm-12cm, length is any length. As a building wall panel, it has the characteristics of fast construction, sound insulation, heat preservation and low cost. It is suitable for building houses with various structures.
4, hollow insulation beam trough plate. According to the design requirements, it has solved the problem of large heat transfer coefficient and poor thermal insulation performance of the concrete circle beam in multi-storey or high-rise buildings. It is suitable for all kinds of buildings.